Have you ever thought about what early subtle signs might show a big health issue in your newborn? The first few weeks after birth are very important. Parents need to watch for anything strange like not feeding well or not sleeping enough.
Newborns sometimes show signs that they need quick help. Signs could be jaundice (yellow skin), not drinking enough, crying a lot, or having trouble feeding. Being alert for early signs of possible problems lets you act fast to keep your baby healthy. This is a key time to look out for your baby’s health.
Key Takeaways
- Monitor your newborn for abnormalities in feeding, such as poor latch or frequent spitting up.
- Recognize the signs of jaundice, including yellowing of the skin and eyes.
- Stay alert for symptoms of dehydration, such as infrequent wet diapers and dry mouth.
- Understand that excessive crying may indicate issues like colic or illness.
- Observe your baby’s sleep patterns and note any unusual behaviors.
- Watch for fever.
Recognizing Feeding Issues
In the first weeks, feeding issues can strongly affect a newborn’s health. It’s key to know and fix these problems to give your baby the best start.
Latching Problems
Moms may find it hard to breastfeed because of latching issues. Latching well is needed for good breastfeeding and more milk. If your baby isn’t latching completely on the nipple or seems upset, get help from a lactation consultant or someone you know who is experienced in breastfeeding.
Poor Weight Gain
Monitor your baby’s weight for their health and nutrition status. Slow weight gain could mean they have trouble breastfeeding or eating. Regular weight checks and feeding evaluations can spot and address these issues early.
Frequent Spitting Up
It’s okay if your baby sometimes spits up, but too much could mean a reflux or feeding issue. If spitting up happens a lot, contact your pediatrician’s office and talk to the experts. They can advise you. It is crucial to have a solution for your baby’s health and happiness. Getting help early can make a big difference in tackling these issues.
Monitoring Newborn Jaundice
Newborn jaundice makes a baby’s skin and eyes look yellow. It happens because of high bilirubin levels. Parents need to know about this condition to take good care of their baby.
Understanding Jaundice
Bilirubin is a yellow substance that is a result of the breakdown of red blood cells. Jaundice is a condition when extra bilirubin is in the blood. The baby may have a yellow appearance of the skin or even eyes that appear yellow. A baby is born with extra blood cells that must be metabolized. A baby’s liver might not be ready yet to remove the extra bilirubin which causes an accumulation of bilirubin in the baby. The jaundiced appearance may appear within the first week of life and gradually improves in most cases. About half of full term infants and 75% of premature babies will have some jaundice. Early recognition to know how to monitor the situation is important. The infrequent serious levels of jaundice need close surveillance since too much bilirubin is harmful to the baby. In severe cases, neurological injury results from very high bilirubin levels (kernicterus).
Causes of Jaundice
Most cases of jaundice in newborns are mild and will resolve without any extra treatment within 2 weeks of birth. Jaundice may improve with extra feedings. Risk factors of neonatal jaundice include premature childbirth, excessive breastfeeding, thyroid abnormalities, infection, metabolic problems, and rarely, liver problems.
When to Seek Medical Help and Treatment
Signs of worsening jaundice:
- Persistent yellow skin or eyes after 2 weeks of life
- Poor feeding
- Decreased muscle tone
- Seizures
Mild jaundice usually resolves within 2 weeks of birth. Yellow skin and eyes are typical. The baby’s urine is usually colorless, but may be yellow or dark with jaundice. The stool may also have a more yellow appearance.
Parents should seek medical advice if they have questions about their baby’s status. Blood tests to check the baby’s bilirubin levels are needed. Get help right away if the jaundice gets worse or if the baby shows troubling signs. These signs can include a very high-pitched cry, being very tired, not eating well, or having dark urine. In severe cases, the baby might need hospitalization. This is for better management of bilirubin and to avoid serious complications.
Treatment:
Time usually takes care of most cases of jaundice. In more significant situations with higher bilirubin levels, other intervention is necessary. Phototherapy uses special fluorescent light to lower bilirubin levels. The baby is placed in what appears to be a tanning bed. Eyes are protected while the baby’s skin is exposed to the light which breaks down the bilirubin compound. This therapy is brief and considered very safe with infrequent concerns of dehydration, diarrhea, and skin irritation. Some may be concerned about this treatment in the same way overexposure to the sun can cause skin changes or skin cancer.
Exchange transfusion in newborns is done in extreme cases of jaundice as a life-saving intervention when phototherapy is not successful. Small amounts of blood are gradually removed and replaced with plasma or albumin. This treatment has greater risks such as blood clot formation, infection, metabolic abnormalities, or shock. However, in life threatening scenarios, such therapy may be critical.
This Stork Advisor® guide to jaundice is intended to inform parents of things that can help their newborn baby have the healthy and happy start in life that they deserve.
Identifying Signs of Dehydration
A newborn can quickly become dehydrated. So it is important for parents to be aware of signs of dehydration in your baby. Fewer or less wet diapers, a sunken soft spot on the head, and a dry mouth can indicate something is different. Proper fluid intake for your baby avoids these signs.
Keep an eye on how much your baby is drinking. Breastfed babies may be more difficult to evaluate. Breast milk usually covers most of a baby’s fluid needs. There may be subtle signs that the baby is not getting enough. Watch if your baby seems unsatisfied when feeding. If this happens, seek advice from a healthcare provider.
- Keep track of diapers: Your infant should wet several diapers a day. Fewer could mean they’re not getting enough fluids.
- Observe the soft spot: A sunken “soft spot” shows your baby may be dehydrated.
- Check for dry mouth: If your baby’s mouth is often dry, they might need more water.
Keep in mind, the amount of fluids a baby needs changes. Watch closely to make sure your baby gets enough. Knowing about dehydration signs is important, whether you feed your baby breastmilk or formula.
| Signs | Description | Action |
| Infrequent Wet Diapers | Fewer than six wet diapers a day. | Increase newborn fluid intake and consult a pediatrician. |
| Sunken Soft Spot | Fontanelle appears sunken in. | Immediately seek medical advice. |
| Dry Mouth | Mouth appears dry or sticky. | Ensure consistent breastfeeding hydration or increase bottle feeds. |
Dealing with Excessive Crying
Crying is a way for babies to tell us they need something or feel uncomfortable. But too much crying can worry parents. It’s challenging to know what is normal when dealing with infant crying patterns. Parents want to protect their baby from problems whether it is time to change the diaper or for something more important. They may know how to react as they learn how to interpret the signal of crying.
Normal Crying Patterns
In their early days, babies may cry for two to three hours each day. This pattern is usually okay and part of the baby’s adaptation to life. Crying often peaks at about six weeks and then slowly gets less. Babies cry for many normal reasons like hunger, a wet diaper, being tired, or wanting to be held.
When Crying Is a Red Flag
Sometimes, crying a lot could be because of colic, a digestive issue, or experiencing discomfort. If the crying lasts for hours and nothing helps, it’s wise to seek medical evaluation. Watch for other signs like a fever, a swollen belly, or changes in eating or sleeping. These signs are important keys to the solution.
There are different ways to attempt to soothe a crying baby. Swaddling, gentle rocking, singing or talking to your baby are good choices. Even a warm bath can be helpful, as long as the baby is not running a fever. Having a routine for feeding and ensuring a cozy sleep space can help cut down on crying. Even though crying can be tough for parents, keep in mind it’s how babies communicate to us. As parents, be alert but calm in these situations. Talk to a healthcare provider if your baby seems to cry a lot. Your instincts can be accurate when it concerns your baby. It’s okay to ask for help when needed. Your baby’s health is the most important consideration.
| Crying Duration | Possible Causes | Recommended Actions |
| 2-3 hours/day | Normal Infant Crying Patterns | Ensure feeds, clean diaper, comfort |
| More than 3 hours/day | Colic in Newborns | Use soothing techniques, consult pediatrician |
| Continuous, high-pitched crying | Possible Illness | Seek immediate medical advice |
Umbilical Cord Care
When your baby was inside the mom, the umbilical cord allowed blood to be shared between the mother and baby. After birth, the blood flow in the baby quickly changes, and the umbilical cord is no longer functional. The umbilical cord is clamped while it begins to shrivel. The clamp is removed before discharge, leaving a small and soft umbilical cord stump. Parents should keep their baby’s umbilical cord stump clean to prevent infection as it gets smaller and smaller.
Keeping the Area Clean
Clean the base of the stump gently with soap and warm water using a soft cloth. Don’t use alcohol or any other products unless told by a doctor. Dry the area by gentle blotting. Loose baby clothing helps keep the area aired and dry.
Signs of Infection
Infection is not common. Signs of infection at the cord stump include redness, swelling, surrounding skin rash on the baby’s tummy, or bad smell. If you see any of these signs, or if your baby seems uncomfortable, seek medical advice. Acting early can prevent worsening if treatment is needed.
Postpartum Depression and Anxiety
Postpartum mental health is often overlooked but a critical concern for new mothers in these modern times. The feelings of sadness and other symptoms that are part of postpartum depression are often a complete surprise to new moms, especially when “everything is fine”.
Knowing the signs of postpartum depression signs is vital. Recognition of these signs and symptoms can be liberating as it leads to solutions and appropriate help. Let’s talk about these issues and how to get help.
Postpartum “blues” and depression (PPD) can happen to any new mom. Even when the birth was wonderful, the baby is “perfect,” and your support system could not be better, you can still suffer with postpartum depression (PPD). It does not mean that you don’t love your baby or being a mom.
Symptoms of Postpartum Depression
PPD is not the same for everyone, but if symptoms like those listed below last for more than 2 weeks, you should talk with your provider.
- Inability to sleep or sleeping too much
- Sadness, crying or feeling down most days
- Anger or rage
- Overwhelming fears or anxiety especially if they are unfounded
- Feeling hopeless or empty
- Having trouble bonding with your baby
- Feelings of wanting to hurt yourself or others
Postpartum “blues” is considered a milder and self-limiting experience. The mom may have a few of the above symptoms, but the feelings disappear by the time your baby is 2 weeks old, the symptoms resolve. Those symptoms may be due to fatigue, lack of sleep, breastfeeding pressures, hormonal changes, or family stressors.
True PPD can be debilitating and unrelenting. Women often feel guilty or like they are a bad mother. These thoughts are destructive. PPD is probably a result of hormonal changes. Pregnancy is a progesterone dominant state which means that progesterone (a female hormone that your body normally produces) is very high during pregnancy. The pregnancy is supported by high progesterone. After delivery of the placenta, progesterone levels decrease significantly. The fall in progesterone levels may be a stimulus to the symptoms of PPD. These symptoms may occur anytime within the first year after the birth of a baby. That is why it is important to check on moms at various times for the year after the baby is born. Risks for PPD are higher if the mom has previously experienced depression or has a history of PPD with a previous pregnancy even if it was never treated.
Understanding Postpartum Anxiety
Postpartum anxiety is different. A new mom may worry too much, often about things that have not occurred. She may be fidgety and can’t sit still. These worrisome thoughts won’t go away.
Getting the Help You Need
The good news is that many women can experience relief from these symptoms with medication alone, or with a combination of medication and counseling. The important thing is that you do not wait until your next appointment or the 6-week check up with your physician, midwife or nurse practitioner to talk about your symptoms.
It’s important to seek help if you have maternal mental health issues. There are many good resources and support groups that can help the mom know that her situation matters and that there are people who care. If you do not feel like someone is listening to you about these symptoms or that they tell you “you are just tired, it will get better when the baby is sleeping more” or anything else like that, please do not stop there, seek out help for this common and significant problem!
Evaluating Your Newborn’s Temperature
A newborn’s temperature is an important measure of the baby’s health. Both newborn fever or hypothermia in infants should be evaluated.
A baby’s temperature should be 97.5°F to 99.5°F (36.5°C and 37.5°C) warm. A temperature over 100.4°F (38°C) means fever. Under 97°F (36.1°C) could be hypothermia. Either of these findings need professional assessment with appropriate care.
Keeping your baby’s temperature just right is a must. Here’s how to help:
- Dress your baby right for the weather. Layers are great for adjusting.
- Set the room temperature at 68-72°F (20-22°C) for a cozy place.
- A rectal thermometer with a digital readout gives the best readings for babies.
If your baby acts out, seems very tired, or doesn’t eat like usual, and has an abnormal temperature, seek help. Your pediatric provider can tell you what to do for newborn fever and hypothermia in infants.
Here’s a simple guide on when to get medical help:
| Temperature Range | Remarks |
| Below 97°F (36.1°C) | Potential hypothermia in infants |
| 97.5°F – 99.5°F (36.5°C-37.5°C) | Normal |
| Above 100.4°F (38°C) | Potential newborn fever |
Understanding Baby Weight Gain
Keep an eye on newborn growth by checking your baby’s weight. Learn what’s normal and what’s a questionable weight trend. This Stork Advisor® guide will help you act quickly if needed.
Normal vs. Concerning Weight Trends
Babies often shed a bit of their birth weight at first, which is normal. They tend to gain it back in the first two weeks. From then on, it’s important that they keep adding weight steadily.
Looking at baby weight charts can show if your baby is growing right. If your baby always misses these growth marks, they might be underweight. Your pediatric provider needs to know if the baby is not gaining weight.
Feeding Strategies for Underweight Babies
If your baby seems underweight, there are feeding approaches to think about. This strategy can involve more breastfeeding, boosting milk production, or adding formula. Here are some ideas for these situations for proper underweight infant management.
- Try feeding your baby every 2-3 hours more often.
- Monitor their diapers for moisture to make sure they’re getting enough fluids.
- Get help from a lactation consultant.
- Your pediatrician can offer more solutions.
Watching your baby’s weight closely and acting fast can lead to healthy newborn growth.
| Age | Normal Weight Gain | Concerning Weight Trends |
| 0-2 weeks | Regain birth weight | Failure to regain birth weight |
| 1 month | 1-1.5 lbs. gained | Less than 1 lb. gained |
| 3 months | 2-3 lbs. gained | Less than 2 lbs. gained |
Maternal Fatigue and the Importance of Rest
After childbirth, many new mothers need help coping with maternal fatigue. This fatigue can show up physically and emotionally. The new baby at home may start a period of sleep deprivation effects. Sleep deprivation makes postpartum recovery harder.
The first few weeks require more rest than usual. The mom needs appropriate sleep for her recovery. When she does not sleep well, energy levels drop. The mother’s mood, clear thinking, and health are compromised.
Suggestions to try when sleep is a problem:
- Sleep when you can, even if it’s just short naps.
- Get help from loved ones for a break.
- Eat well and drink enough water to fight fatigue.
- Light exercise like walking can reduce stress and help you feel more energetic.
It’s vital to grasp how crucial rest is for postpartum recovery. Finding positive ways in coping with maternal fatigue helps new moms with a successful start to parenthood.
Sleep Patterns in Newborns
Newborn babies have newborn sleep cycles. They sleep in short bursts and wake often to eat or for discomfort. This irregular sleep pattern is typical for babies and is part of their growth process.
What’s Normal?
Newborns usually sleep every 2 to 4 hours, both day and night. They may sleep for 14 to 17 hours total in a 24-hour period. Waking up often to eat is expected because of their small stomachs. Their sleep habits will change as they get older.
When to Be Concerned
Most concerns about infant sleep are temporary and nothing to worry about. If your baby can’t calm down, is very fussy, or breathes irregularly while asleep, it’s a reason to contact your pediatric care provider to be sure that the baby does not need medical help. Conditions like sleep apnea or reflux may be a need to be considered.
Parents can do the right thing for their baby as they establish a good sleep routine. A consistent bedtime, a calming sleep space, and clear day and night signals help. These steps can aid your baby’s development and improve sleep for everyone in the house.
Skin Rashes and Their Implications
Parents often worry about newborn skin conditions. Here is some general information to know about rashes and when to get help. Diaper rash, for instance, is common and is caused by wet diapers against a delicate newborn skin. Changing diapers often and using a cream to protect the skin can prevent this rash.
Infant eczema is more significant. It typically appears as red, itchy spots. Consider other triggers like allergies, and use skin care products. If eczema gets worse, see a doctor for advice.
“Parents should watch their newborn’s skin closely. Contact a doctor if you see a strange rash that does not seem to improve or is getting worse. Good medical guidance and quick medical help keep the baby’s skin safe.
Here’s a helpful table to spot and treat common newborn skin conditions:
| Skin Condition | Symptoms | Management |
| Diaper Rash | Red, inflamed skin in diaper area | Frequent diaper changes, barrier creams |
| Infant Eczema | Red, itchy patches on cheeks, arms, legs | Identify triggers, use hypoallergenic products |
| Heat Rash | Small red bumps, often on neck and upper chest | Keep skin cool and dry, avoid overheating |
When a parent is aware of their child’s skin, they will recognize a need to ask for help when there is a new skin problem.
Recognizing Signs of Respiratory Issues
Parents need to know how newborns breathe normally. Recognition of different breathing may help catch problems early. No parent wants their baby to be in trouble.
Normal Breathing
Babies breathe differently than older kids or adults. Their breathing is irregular with normal pauses up to 10 seconds (periodic breathing). Newborn breathing rate is between 40-60 times every minute. When they sleep, their breathing rate is decreased to 30-40 times per minute.
Labored Breathing
Infants might breathe differently when they’re having trouble. They may breathe faster than normal or make grunting sounds. They might even show signs like their chest pulling in with each breath (retractions). These signs mean it’s time for medical evaluation and help. Parents should especially pay attention to how their baby breathes since it can reveal problems before they get serious.
When to Contact Your Pediatrician
Any sign of infant respiratory distress needs immediate action. Call your doctor right away if your baby has trouble breathing, lips turn blue, or they seem out of it. Trust your parental instincts. If you think your baby is not breathing right, get an evaluation from your pediatric provider or the nearest emergency department fast.
Observing Your Baby’s Movements
Parents delight in their baby’s actions and movements. These activities can indicate the baby’s development as the baby’s brain and muscles work together.
Normal Movement vs. Signs of Concern
Infant reflexes are a normal part of their nervous system. For example, the Moro reflex makes a baby spread their arms and legs when startled. Other involuntary responses include a palmar grasp reflex as they grab things with their hands. These movements are signs their bodies and brains are working like they should.
Yet, some movements might not fit the usual growth patterns. If your baby is moving slowly, seems stiff, or shakes, there may be a problem that should be evaluated by a medical professional. If you observe unusual movements or your baby isn’t hitting milestones, talk to the doctor. They can provide advice and check if everything is okay.
| Age | Expected Movement |
| 0-2 months | Head lifts briefly during tummy time, hands remain mostly clenched |
| 3-4 months | Pushes up on elbows, brings hands to mouth |
| 5-6 months | Rolls over from tummy to back, begins to sit with support |
Warning Signs During the First Few Weeks After Birth
Parents want to enjoy life with their new baby. Though no one should expect the worst, awareness of infant warning signs in the first weeks of their life is very important. Good parents monitor their baby’s health status. If a problem is encountered, medical evaluation is appropriate.
There are several key areas of newborn health to monitor. Regular baby wellness checks are part of normal infant care. These planned checkups can identify infant health issues before they are serious. Then, early intervention is possible.
- Feeding Issues: Observe if your baby eats well. Watch for signs of latching problems with breastfeeding, poor appetite or weight gain, and lots of spit-up.
- Jaundice: Look for skin and eyes turning yellow or getting more yellow. These signs could mean your baby has jaundice. It is important to get a medical evaluation for your baby’s protection.
- Dehydration: Signs of dehydration include not wetting diapers often, sunken soft spots of the baby’s head, few or no tears with crying, and a dry mouth. Hydration is so vital for the baby’s health.
- Excessive Crying: Learn what is considered normal crying or irritability and when it might mean something else. It could signal colic, discomfort, or sickness. Learn methods such as cuddling that may comfort your baby in these times.
- Umbilical Cord Care: Keep the cord area clean and dry. Look out for any signs the cord might be infected, like a discharge, redness, swelling, or a bad smell.
- Postpartum Depression and Anxiety: These symptoms are common. There should be no shame if the symptoms are present. Resources and support are available to turn the corner.
- Temperature Monitoring: Check your baby’s temperature if you sense that something is wrong. Fever or low body temperature are important to identify with the possibility of infection.
- Weight Gain: Keep track of the baby’s weight to make sure they’re growing in a normal rate. If your baby isn’t gaining enough weight, get medical advice.
- Sleep Patterns: Learn what normal sleep is for babies. Know when your baby’s sleep might be a problem. Good sleep habits are important for both night and day.
- Skin Rashes: Know about different types of skin rashes in infants. Learn what you can do and when to see a doctor.
- Respiratory Issues: Understand normal newborn breathing patterns. Then, you may realize what’s not normal with your baby’s breathing. Know the signs that mean you need to get medical help right away.
- Movement Observations: Pay attention to how your baby moves. Know the difference between normal movements and signs of delayed development.
Be watchful and ready to act as you care for your baby. If you observe some of these infant warning signs, you can respond quickly with early intervention. Your baby’s health depends on your care and quick action.
Conclusion
Your journey as a new parent is both thrilling and important. No one can do the job that a parent can do. These first few weeks are critical. Careful attention can really help. Watch for signs like trouble feeding, jaundice, or too much crying. These are signs that your baby may have a problem. Remember, your actions are crucial for your baby’s well-being. Be alert and get help from a medical provider if you’re unsure. Parents have the goal to protect their baby and create a loving home where they can grow. Trust your feelings. Don’t be embarrassed to ask questions that could help your baby and your family.
Be proactive and keep track of your baby’s health in those early weeks. Stork Advisor® offers these guidelines to support new parents in their unique and critical role. You’re part of a bigger community. Stay alert and informed, if possible, for the benefit and protection of your baby.
FAQ
What are the warning signs to look out for in a newborn?
In the first weeks, keep an eye on feeding issues, jaundice, and dehydration. Excessive crying and odd sleep patterns are also important. If you see these, talk to your pediatrician.
How do you recognize latching problems in a newborn?
When breastfeeding hurts or your baby’s frustrated, they might have latching issues. You might also notice poor weight gain. A lactation consultant can help improve how your baby latches.
When should you be concerned about your baby’s weight gain?
If your baby isn’t gaining weight as they should, or if they lose weight after two weeks, see your pediatrician. They can guide you on how to help your baby gain weight in a healthy way.
What causes newborn jaundice and how can it be treated?
Higher bilirubin levels cause newborn jaundice. Most cases resolve with time. Treatment of more significant cases may involve phototherapy or in severe cases, with a hospital stay. Get medical help if your baby’s eyes or skin continue to look yellow.
How do you identify signs of dehydration in newborns?
Signs of dehydration include dry diapers, sunken soft spots on the baby’s head, and a dry mouth. Make sure your baby drinks enough. If you think your baby might be dehydrated, see your pediatrician.
What are normal infant crying patterns?
Newborns normally cry 2-3 hours a day. But lots of crying might mean colic or that your baby is uncomfortable. If your baby’s crying is different than usual, check with your pediatrician.
How should you care for your newborn’s umbilical cord stump?
Keep the umbilical cord stump clean and dry. Don’t cover it with diapers. If you see redness, swelling, or discharge, the umbilical cord stump might have an infection. Medical evaluation is necessary.
What are the symptoms of postpartum depression and anxiety?
Sadness, loss of interest in good things, and worry may be signs of postpartum depression and anxiety. Get professional help if you are not feeling better.
How often should you check your newborn’s temperature?
Check your baby’s temperature if they seem different or sick. A fever or very low body temperature might mean they need help from their pediatrician.
What are normal weight gain patterns in newborns?
Babies typically lose weight immediately after they are born. Most newborns get back to their birth weight by 2 weeks. After that, they should gain 5-7 ounces each week. Keep track of your baby’s weight. Talk to your pediatrician if you’re concerned.
How can you manage maternal fatigue after birth?
New moms are often exhausted after giving birth. Get rest when possible, ask for help from loved ones, and try to keep a routine. As you take care of yourself, you will be able to take better care of your baby.
What are normal sleep patterns in newborns?
Newborns sleep for 2-3 hours, often with no set difference between day and night. Gradual adjustments establish a routine for better sleep habits in the future.
What types of skin rashes are common in newborns?
Diaper rash, eczema, and milia are common in newborns. Most rashes are not serious, but check with the baby’s doctor if you are concerned.
How do you recognize respiratory issues in a newborn?
If your newborn is breathing hard, very fast, or their color is not as healthy, they might have respiratory problems. Get a medical evaluation if you see these signs.
What movements are normal for a newborn?
It’s normal for newborns to have reflexes like rooting and grasping. If they are not moving in a normal fashion, ask your pediatrician.
